Roman Women Essay Example For Students

Roman Women Essay The life of a Woman of Rome was loaded up with numerous conventions and rules, which were carried on a great many ages. Many state that Roman ladies were persecuted on the grounds that they were not permitted to be a functioning piece of society and legislative issues. The book Roman Women by J.P.V.D. Balsdon gives, what I consider to be, an exact and nitty gritty record of a commonplace lady in Rome during the Roman Empire. Balsdon expounds on the wedded ladies of Rome and the considerable functions expected to play out a wedding. The kids that before long came after marriage, which was in itself, another concern for ladies of the Roman culture. Rome likewise had its offer, as most human advancements, of upbeat and despondent relationships that ladies survived. Furthermore, there were the less trustworthy ladies of Rome, the whores and mistresses. What's more, last, however not least, Balsdon gives a nitty gritty record of a womans day by day life down to haircuts, make-up, and jewe lry.A womans looks were significant in Rome. A lady uncovered nothing else of her body than a religious woman does today. She as a rule wore the standard dress called a stola with light underpants underneath this. This style of dress didn't change for a long time. Purple and gold, and a dim rose, red, or amethyst were a couple of the supported hues for the ladies of Rome. Womens hair plans regularly involved an enormous part of their time and were performed by a beautician. More youthful ladies dressed their hair basically by moving it once again into a bunch at the rear of the neck. Most hair was separated down the inside and twisted into waves, or styled with little curls. Make-up, a significant piece of a womans delight process, was just reasonably applied except if the lady was a whore. Gems, in any case, were now and then sumptuously applied. Opals, sapphires, emeralds, and precious stones were mainstream among the affluent ladies. The measure of gems a lady wore meant her spou ses wealth.The wedding service in Rome was constantly gone before by a decision of husband. A young lady was considered prepared for marriage at the youthful age of twelve. Most young men were viewed as prepared at fourteen years old. The marriage was viewed as invalid if the pair was hitched before they had arrived at the age prerequisite. In higher social classes, the dads masterminded the relationships. Both the kid and young lady were relied upon to concur with their dads choice. It was worthy, be that as it may, for the young lady to trust in her mom and uncover in the event that she was happy with her dads decision or not. The mother was then permitted to communicate her girls sentiments to her better half for the decision he had made. Prearranged engagement some of the time occurred in earliest stages. There were sure confinements to this however and Roman law necessitated that the youngsters must have the option to comprehend what was going on, and they should be at any rate seven years old. There were three types of marriage in Rome. Each contained the comparable thought that the spouse went from the authority of her dad to the accommodation of her significant other. The primary type of marriage was a crude lady of the hour buy. Within the sight of five observers, the spouse would make an invented buy and afterward pay the dad of the lady of the hour a penny for it and, in return, got his lady. The second type of marriage was a dwelling together of a man and lady. This marriage, obviously, must be announced good from the earliest starting point so the marriage was not mistaken for a man and his courtesan. For this situation, the spouse didn't have full authority over his significant other until a year had gone with both of them living respectively for that year. Before the finish of the fifth century B.C., notwithstanding, ladies had figured out how to get away from all out accommodation to their spouses. The arrangement was essentially that they woul d go out for three days time every year. This implied they had not been in full organization with their significant other for the whole year and along these lines absented themselves from the law. The third type of marriage was by a long shot the most intriguing and could be supposed to be the most heavenly. The Pontifex Maximus and the Priest of Juppiter directed the function with ten observers. There were broad penances and a plenitude of food. The lady of the hour and husband to be were made to sit inverse each other on seats secured with downy. It isn't sure if this kind of marriage was limited to patricians just, yet separate was exceptionally convoluted and just the spouse could make a move on it. By the third century B.C. free marriage was normal and the spouse had authority over her own property. This made separation moderately easy.The next piece of the wedding service was masterminding the day for marriage. Few out of every odd day was directly for a wedding in Rome. As a result of their outrageous notion in this issue, wedding dates must be organized cautiously. As indicated by the congregation, weddings couldn't happen among Christmas and Easter. February eighteenth 21st was kept away from in light of the fact that it was the dining experience of the dead, just as August 24th, October fifth, and November eighth, which were the days when the Forum in the black market opened. Likewise, the long stretch of May, when the Latins yielded to the dead was rejected from relationships. Indeed, there was an adage Wed in May and lament the day. The principal half of June was additionally maintained a strategic distance from until the fifteenth when the cleaning of the sanctuary of Vesta was finished and the grimy water was dumped into the Tiber. Celebration days were maintained a strategic distance from for first time relationships since it was said that first time relationships ought to consistently have an enormous group in participation. In the event that i t was a celebration day, at that point the participation would be down and this was viewed as an awful sign. Likewise days which remembered national catastrophes were maintained a strategic distance from for clear reasons. The entirely appropriate time for a marriage was supposed to be in the late spring, particularly the last 50% of June since this was the period of wealth and reap. The Lgbt Lifestyle And Paradigm EssayRoman ladies, when all is said in done, lived well. There was consistently imbalance between the genders, which kept ladies from doing a portion of the exercises that they may have enjoyed. Obviously, in the event that the lady was in a harsh circumstance, at that point it was an entire diverse story. Her opportunity was seriously restricted if her better half was the controlling kind. Be that as it may, most ladies lived with general opportunity. They were permitted to stroll around town and participate in certain exercises. The ladies of Rome took great consideration of themselves with open showers, beauticians, and brilliant garments. A wedded lady controlled the house since this was her doled out circle in the Roman world. Her situation as spouse, mother, and leader of the house gave her a decent situation in the public arena. Roman ladies might not have had all their deepest longings however they had more than other ladies in encompassing nat ions. Most Roman ladies were tasteful, in vogue, and refined for the timeframe they lived in. Bibliography:BibliographyBalsdon, J.P.V.D., Roman Women. Barnes and Noble Books, Inc., New York, 1998.

Jacob Riis Jane Addams Essay on Progressive Era free essay sample

At the turn of the twentieth century the press got a lot of credit for the accomplishment of the Progressive development. Prominent mud slingers Jane Addams and Jacob Riis indicated assurance towards there being a change; each made a point to utilize their capacities to help in a social manner, yet ask financially and strategically, even right up 'til the present time what theyve done has had an enormous effect. A local of Denmark, Jacob Riis moved to the US in 1870 to seek after work. Riis functioned as a police journalist, yet in the end turned into a social reformer. He battled to take out the staggering ghetto like conditions that were available in New York Citys Lower East Side. With the utilization of his book â€Å"How the Other Half Lives†, Riis had the option to open a large number of the affluent homes eyes to how migrants and the less lucky lives during that time. Riis himself persevered through comparative conditions when he initially made the change to the states; he battled with being jobless, ravenous and destitute, numerous evenings he adapts to musings of self destruction. We will compose a custom exposition test on Jacob Riis Jane Addams Essay on Progressive Era or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page After three years he obtained an occupation as a columnist working for the New York affiliation. How the Other Half Lives† focused on the brains of well off residents as an approach to get them to make them fully aware of what others simply like them had to live through. Jacob Riis brought up that there were single family residences that mutual side dividers with different houses, they were called apartments and were packed and unsanitary. Riis had the option to extend an exceptionally concerned tone and sympathize with the individuals that endured with destitution, since he too himself recognizes what it feels like to experience such a fight. Through the photos in his book, America had the option to perceive what little the legislature did to support monetarily shaky individuals. Riis alongside individual defamers Upton Sinclair with his novel â€Å"The Jungle† which shed light on appalling and tarnished conditions encompassing the creation of food items, and Jane Addams who made the Hull Houses as an approach to give sanctuary and better day to day environments for Americans. Generally speaking Riis had the option to achieve precisely what he needed, he was able to do effectively achieving what he set out to, with the acknowledgment â€Å"How the Other Half Lives† got, individuals from the outside glancing in changed their outlooks and really improve the day to day environments for poor people, which around then diminished the measure of infections spreading. A promoter for settlers, poor people and ladies, at the age of twenty-nine Jane Addams built up the Hull House in 1889, which made its ways for European migrants, furnishing them with food and haven. Situated in Chicago, the Hull House turned into the main settlement house in the United States. As a social reformer, Addams turned into the representative for sorted out works and was resolved to dispense with destitution. Through her composition and discourses, Addams left an enduring impact on the country during the Progressive Era; her responsibility to foreigner networks, and like Jacob Riis in her work with needing to improve ghetto like networks, helped change the manner in which individuals see ruined day to day environments and the things they do to improve them. Both Jane Addams and Jacob Riis did whatever they looked for important to improve the conditions that migrants experienced during the dynamic period, both worked and effectively got the rich and the administration to roll out an improvement in the manner they dealt with those particular circumstances, all while impacting present day. With what theyve done during the Progressive Era, Jane Addams and Jacob Riis made a key point in relating requirements for additional occupations for migrants and asylums for the less lucky.

Understanding Abandonment Issues and BPD

Understanding Abandonment Issues and BPD BPD Living With BPD Print Understanding Abandonment Issues and BPD By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Updated on September 19, 2019 JGI/Tom Grill / Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions I am a 22-year-old who was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) when I was 19. I think my BPD is related to the fact that I had a difficult childhood. Without getting into details, my dad wasnt around, and my mom just wasnt a great mom. My biggest problem now is that I cant seem to maintain relationships. Everyone leaves me. I cant keep a boyfriend for more than a few months, and even my friends dump me after a while. Whenever one of my relationships ends, I feel horrible, empty, and desperate. I do my best to try to win them back, but it never works. Why cant people just be good to me and stick around? Borderline Personality Disorder and Relationship Struggles The struggle with relationships that you describe is very common for people with borderline personality disorder (BPD). A key symptom of BPD is fear of abandonment.?? This symptom may cause you to need frequent reassurance that abandonment is not imminent, to go to great lengths to try to avoid abandonment  and to feel devastated when someone ends a relationship with you. But you are also describing another phenomenon thats common in BPD. People with BPD tend to have more unstable, chaotic relationships than others, and these relationships often end prematurely due to conflict.   Conflict Can Lead to Abandonment In many ways, its a double-whammy. People with BPD both fear abandonment and have symptoms that create conflict with others and often lead to abandonment, which then reinforces the fear. In addition, people with BPD are likely particularly attuned to the experience of being abandoned. So, even though it is painful for everyone to experience the end of relationships, the end of a relationship can feel particularly devastating for people with BPD. Ways to Stop the Unhealthy Cycle of Conflict and Abandonment The good news is that there are things you can do to try to stop this cycle. For example, in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) a set of skills called the “interpersonal effectiveness” skills are taught. These skills can help you learn to be more effective in relationships, which can make those relationships stronger and more likely to last. If you arent getting DBT now, this may be something to talk to your therapist about. Schema-focused therapy also may be helpful in identifying and actively changing problematic ways of thinking that cause issues in your life. It can help you pinpoint unmet needs you have that youve been trying to get others to meet in an unhealthy way and find healthy ways to get those needs met instead. In addition, it can help to explore the roots of the abandonment issues with your therapist. It sounds like you had some experiences in your early childhood that would understandably leave you afraid of people leaving you. Talking about how those early experiences influence your current ways of viewing and interacting with the world may be helpful. With treatment, hard work and time, it is possible to have more stable relationships and learn to view both yourself and others in a more healthy and realistic manner.

8 Reasons Teens and Parents Choose Online High School

Evolution Of Evolution And Evolution - 2000 Words

Title: Evolution Author: Annette Gonzalez December 9, 2014 Abstract: This paper will cover the topic of evolution of organisms. Evolution is the process of constant change from a lower, more simple to better, complex state (Merriam-Webster, 2014). In this essay, there are different philosophies that support the idea of evolution. For instance, there is anatomical, homology, natural selection evidence. This ideas will be explained in more detail in the body of the paper. Besides this, the report will explicate how evolution of organisms does not occur in the course of time, rather organisms give rise to other animals. In addition, the paper will clarify what causes mutations in genes. Moreover, it will elucidate what sexual recombination means and how it is relevant in relation to evolution. Lastly, there will be an explanation to why evolution of organisms will come to a dead end at some point. Introduction: There are three main categories in relation to evolution that will be presented. The first section clarifies Charles Darwin’s contribution to the concept of evolution. Specifically, the different theories of evolution Darwin supported with evidence are explained. The second part of the paper clarifies how genes and DNA are responsible for the evolution of organisms. In the third section, evolutionary trends in organisms are revealed. Charles Darwin: According to Stanley, Charles Darwin was a main contributor to the idea of evolution. HeShow MoreRelatedEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution957 Words   |  4 Pagesthe theory of evolution. To understand why the teaching of evolution in school is important, it’s important to understand what it is, how it works, and how we benefit from its evolutionary history. Evolution is the steady development of different kinds of living organisms that have diversified from earlier forms throughout the generations. Without evolution, biology wouldn’t make sense because evolution is its key principle that connects and explains many facets of life. Evolution is a very importantRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1333 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Evolution? Evolution is the modification of characteristics of living organisms over generations (StrangeScience.net, 2015); it is the gradual process of development by which the present diversity of living organisms arose from the earliest forms of life, which is believed to have been ongoing for at least the past 3000 million years (Hine, 2004). Common ancestry are groups of living organisms that share the most recent common ancestor, by which scientific evidence proves that all life onRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1054 Words   |  5 Pages Evolution is something that can be taken into different meanings, from the way you live. Some people can accept evolution and some can’t. The meaning of evolution is the way a different animal or species came to be, and how they are linked to a different of species that all share a common ancestor (an introduction to evolution). There is a lot of evidence to shows that evolution is can be proven like DNA Sequences, Fossil Records, Cladograms, and analogous/homologous structures, because there areRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1337 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious subfields within Anthropology to adapt to the human species. Evolution would be defined as when â€Å"something† can develop from something that is simplistic to something that can adapt to the world around it and is more complex. All human beings in past and present as well as all living organisms have been part of a process of Evolution. Evolution can be viewed as adaptations, as well as growing to better advancment, evolution has taken ahold of all species throughout history. It is human natureRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1328 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the theory of evolution? Many people who don’t understand science or Biology don’t know how to answer this question. â€Å"Evolution is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.† In our society today, there is many conflicts that exist between creationism which is the belief that a higher power created the Earth and made living things and the theory of evolution. Some people are debating whether to teach evolution in schools because theRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution884 Words   |  4 Pages Evolution Evolution, a change in the genetic makeup of a subgroup, or population, of a species (Nowicki 10). Every living thing in the world is capable of evolving into something. Cells evolve to perform different tasks and to become stronger. Charles Darwin is the founder of evolution, he realized that species change over time to ensure survival. The future of evolution can not be predicted. Everything in our universe starts out as a single celled organism. All life traces back to three billionRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1079 Words   |  5 PagesEver wondered when the course of humans began or better yet if people started the way that they are? Modern humans started 200,000 years ago, but were not alway like this. The process of evolution brought us to humans. According to Evolution: The Human Story, evolution is the process by which organisms change over the course of generations. It is also compelling because ancestors can give rise to other relatives or descendants. Archeologists now know that not only humans evolved because paleontologistsRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution2356 Words   |  10 Pagesideology, people have started to think logically and science has come a long way. It is now believed that evolution has resulted in the changes on planet Earth and human kind was not just simply created by a ‘God’. What is evolution? What was Charles Darwin’s contribution to ideas about evolution? Biological evolution is the descent of organisms with modifications. Simply, the central idea of evolution is that all life forms which exist as of now or had existed share a common ancestor. This theory firstRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution983 Words   |  4 PagesMost things in science all eventually lead back to one thing, evolution. Evolution has been an interesting topic since mankind could wrap its mind around the concept. Whether one believes in it or not, it is hard to deny the cold hard facts that back up how every being has changed from its original form of life. From plants to humans, everything has adapted and evolved to be able to adjust to climate changes, habitats disappearing, and new predators. All it takes is for one mutated gene to get aRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1154 Words   |  5 Pages EVOLUTION Evolution is a scientific theory that was first introduced in the mid 1800’s and it refers to the biological changes that take place within a population of a specific species over the course of many generations. This theory was one of the most scientifically groundbreaking discoveries of our time, and since its discovery, scientists have been working hard to find more and more evidence on the subject. Although there is much controversy on the subject of evolution, it is hard to ignore

Instant Car-Pooling on the Android Platform Free Essays

string(95) " service called Loopt which broadcasts the location of the user even when the phone is closed\." CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 CS 8803 – AIAD Project Report. Instant Car-Pooling on the Android Platform Vinaya Shenoy Parikshit Sudumbrekar Madhura Tipnis 1 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Table of Contents: Introduction Objectives Motivation Technology Overview Related Work Architecture Project Screen-Shots Evaluation Future Work Project Experience Conclusion References 3 3 3 4 5 5 6 14 14 15 16 17 Table of Figures Figure 1: Android Technological Overview Figure 2: Carpool Application – Starting Window Figure 3: Carpool Application – Create a new Event Figure 4: Carpool Application – Contact List Figure 5: Carpool Application – Events Created history Figure 6: Carpool Application – SMS for carpool invitation received Figure 7: Carpool Application – Car pool Invitation Details Figure 8: Carpool Application – Details for the event creator Figure 9: Carpool Application – Map showing pick-up points 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 2 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Introduction: With increasing convergence between different technologies like the cellular world, internet (IP) world, different applications have become popular and many more are under development. One of the prominent services popular amongst the users is the â€Å"Location Based Services† and â€Å"presence†. We will write a custom essay sample on Instant Car-Pooling on the Android Platform or any similar topic only for you Order Now The current location-based services out there in the market use the policy of ‘broadcasting locations’ while enabling any activity between the various users. This may lead to unintended recipients being the beneficiary of certain events. With this in mind, we aim to develop an application/service that would enable selective delivery of events/messages to the intended recipients based on their location. This would help in avoiding thousands of messages being sent to unintended recipients. Thus, not only the location of the intended recipient is taken into consideration; but the context of the location is also taken into consideration. In this project, we define the context of the recipient as its distance from the initiator of the event. Objectives: The objectives of the „Instant Car Pooling Application? can be stated as follows: 1. Enable users to create events that would specify the following information? The total vacancy in the car. ? The time at which the event is going to take place. ? The Final destination. 2. Development of the logic that would enable? Poll in the location information of all the intended recipients. ? Take decision based on the context on the location. ? Send „sms? to all the selected recipients and handle the accepted or rejected messages received from the recipients. 3. Generate a Google Map that shows the initiator the map between his location, all the recipients that agreed to his car pooling event and the final destination. We aim to demonstrate all these scenarios on the „Android Emulator?. Motivation: The application under consideration, the „Instant Car Pooling? application, is a novel idea which has never been implemented before. This became our source of motivation for going ahead with this project. All the current car pooling methods are 1. Time consuming. 2. Require a lot of before-hand planning. 3. Require several rounds of communications in the form of series of e-mails or a series of telephonic conversations. 3 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Also, there seems to be an absence of a „Car Pooling? pplication on the mobile phones. This motivated us to develop our application on the „Android Platform? , one of the upcoming and latest mobile platforms launched by Google. A different source of motivation behind the development of this application is that of the „Georgia Tech India Club?. All the members of this club complained about receiving thousands of mails which either requested for a Car Pool or which offered a Car Pool. Thus, uninterested students used to receive such mails. We thought; why not develop a „mobile-based instant Car Pooling application? s our gift to the student community of Georgia Tech? This really gave us the passion to go after the completion of this project. The initiator of the event could select intended recipients from the contact list. The application then checks for the relative context of the location of all the selected recipients and forwards the event to only those recipients that satisfy the context. Technology Overview: Figure 1: Android Technological Overview Android is a new operating system for the G1 phone that has been released by Google in 2008. The main difference that sets the Google G1 phone apart from other operating systems is that the Android is based on an open source platform. This implies that anyone can view and even modify the source code. This results in constant evolution of the software. In case a developer senses that there is a certain feature that is currently not included then he or she can incorporate it in the phone and the software would develop. Since it is a fairly new platform, it is not as 4 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 developed as other mobile operating systems. But considering the open source nature and other features, it can go a long way beyond other mobile operating systems. The hardware associated with the phone is provided by various companies. As and when the hardware becomes more advanced, the Android OS will be able to support more features functions. Related Work: 1. Location tracking is the most essential thing and a definite pre requisite for any mobility related application. This can be done in different ways. 2. A social tool has been developed which helps the user connect with people around him. This tool has been developed on the Symbian Operating System. The location of the user is detected in the cell phone by getting information from the cell tower. This application doesn? t need GPS. Each user can keep up with what is happening with people in the friend? s list. Broadcasting of messages is the approach followed in this tool. It also provides other features like connecting people with similar interests. It helps the user explore various places in and around the location detected. 3. There is a mobile social networking service called Loopt which broadcasts the location of the user even when the phone is closed. You read "Instant Car-Pooling on the Android Platform" in category "Papers" It also allows sending of messages or sharing of photos between contacts. This Loopt is currently limited to the Sprint network. Architecture: The users that have this application installed on their cell phones can use this application as either initiators of car pooling event or as invitees for a car pooling event. When the user launches this application, the user is given three options to choose from. The user can create a new car pool event, view the events that he has created earlier or view invitations for car pool event from other users. When the user chooses to create a new event, he is given a form which has fields such as subject of the car pool, time of the car pool, vacancies in the car, destination address of the car pool, and a button to choose from the list of his contacts. The user enters the values in the fields and then clicks on the contact list. The contact list is displayed from which the user selects the contacts he wants to send the invitation of the car pool to. All the invitees will be sent an SMS with the details of the carpool event. When the invitee accepts an invitation, the carpool application on his phone will respond back to the initiator with the current GPS location of the invitee. When the initiator gets back the positive reply from an invitee, he will retrieve the location co-ordinates from the sms and using reverse geocoding functionality of the Geocoder utility will calculate the street address of the contact. Now when the initiator views the event generated, he can see all those who all have responded to the event. A Google map is created with the locations of all those who have responded to the event. It gives the order of pick up as per the order in which the invitees have responded. We have used the Google Map API here for 5 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 generation of the route map based on the location as detected by the geo coder. Once the vacancies are full, the other invitees who try to accept the invite later are displayed a message which says that the car is full. Project Screenshots: Figure 2: Carpool Application – Starting Window This is the first screen that appears on the cell phone display when the user starts the application. There are three options that are provided. They are ? ? ? Create an event – This allows the user to start a new car pool. View created events – This allows the user to go back and view the car pool events that have been created earlier by him. View Invitations – This option lets the user view invitations for other car pooling events from his friends. 6 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Figure 3: Carpool Application – Create a new Event This screen appears on the cell phone display when the user chooses to create a new car pooling event. In the subject box, the user can type out a short description of the purpose of the car pool. Since it is an instant car pooling application, the day is set to the current day as recorded in the cell phone. The user is given a list of times to select from when he clicks on the â€Å"pick a time† option. Also the user is allowed to specify the number of vacancies in his car to go to a particular destination. The user enters his destination address in the destination 7 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 box. Then the user can select contacts from his contact list to whom all the event will be sent to. Figure 4: Carpool Application – Contact List This screen is the contact list. The user can select the contacts he wishes to send the car pool event invite to, with the help of check boxes provided next to the names of the contacts. When the user clicks on â€Å"add to event†, the invitation is sent to the selected contacts from the contact list. This event is sent in the form of a „sms?. 8 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Figure 5: Carpool Application – Events Created history This screen is displayed on the cell phone display when the user chooses to view the car pool events created by him. The user can click on the individual events to view the details of each event. This list contains all the past events as well as the pending events. 9 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Figure 6: Carpool Application – SMS for carpool invitation received When the message is sent to the contacts, the message as shown above appears on the display of the contacts to which the message is sent. The name of the car pool event generator also appears in the message pop up. 10 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Figure 7: Carpool Application – Car Pool invitation details When the user clicks on â€Å"view invitation† option on the main page, the user is displayed the screen above. The invitation gives details of the car pool which includes the subject of the car pool, the name of the initiator of the event, the time at which the car pool is scheduled to take place, the destination of the car pool and the status of the reply. The user is given to options to respond to the message of either attending or not attending. The user can click on either one depending on his choice. Once the user responds to a message he won? t be given an option to change his decision. 11 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Figure 8: Carpool Application – Details for the event creator This page will be displayed to the user who created the events. It will give him a summary of the event with details such as the subject, the time of the event, vacancies in the car, destination of the car pool, invitees to the event, and the order of pickup of the invitees who responded. The order of pickup is decided on first come first serve basis currently. Also the user is given an option to check the map of the route now by clicking on â€Å"show route map†. 12 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Figure 9: Carpool Application – Map showing pick-up points The route map is displayed to the creator of the car pool event when he clicks on the â€Å"show route map† option. Along the route, the pick-ups in the order of first come first serve are plotted. The interesting thing about this application is that in the beginning when no recipient has accepted the invitation, the initiator of the event can view a map of source (his location) and the final destination. As and when recipients accept the car pooling invitation, the map is updated and it shows all the intermediate pick-up points (the locations of the recipients who have accepted the car pooling invitation). Thus, the initiator of the event now has the entire map, wherein he has all the information about the route to follow. 13 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Evaluation/Testing: We tested our application by running four instances of the emulator on the same machine. In each emulator we stored three contacts with their numbers being the port numbers on which the other three emulators were running. We then tested the following scenario: 1. When a user creates a new event, the event is created properly ensuring that all the parameters are valid. For eg, the user can? put a time in the future or put a negative vacancy, give no invitees. Also, we verify the destination address provided by the user to ensure that the address is correct and exists on the map. 2. Once the event is created, we verified that all the invitees got an sms message with the proper details and the invitation is displayed in their invitation list. 3. When an invitee accepts an invitation a reply sms with his GPS coordinates is sent back to the initiator. 4. When the initiator gets a accept response, the event is updated and the initiator can see the pickup location of the invitee on the map. . When the carpool for an invite becomes full, all invitees who respond after that get a carpool full response sms. Future Work: This project provides a proof of concept of the „Car Pooling? application. It is a stripped down version of our dream „Car Pool? application. There are a lot of improvements that can be incorporated into this project that makes it more complete and feature rich. The future work with regards to this project can be summarized as follows: 1. Currently, the initiator sends car pooling invitation to his friends from his contact list. Their location is forwarded back to him when they accept the invitation. This helps in the creation of the Google Map for the event initiator. In the future, we could have a web service that handles all this location information. This would also solve some privacy related issues like the publishing of recipient location etc. 2. At the moment, the routes are decided on the „First Come First Serve? basis. This means, the route is decided on the order in which the recipients accept the car pooling invitation. But the path obtained from this may not always be the shortest path. Thus we could have algorithms like the „Dijkstra? s? algorithm or Algorithmic concepts like „Dynamic Programming? to calculate the shortest path between source, destination and all the recipients. Thus, optimization on this front can be obtained. 3. The web service can be programmed to handle the context of the location. The context of the location can be determined by its proximity to the location of the event creator. Thus, the web service can determine a radius and determine the recipients which fall within the 14 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 adius as the ones who would receive the car pooling event message; while those which lie outside the radius would be ignored. Thus, broadcasting of the event can be avoided. 4. Other features can include displaying only the events that are pending when the user clicks on the „View Created Events? button. All the past and completed events could be stored in a separate „history log?. 5. Currently, the final de stination needs the complete address of the location. In the future, the final destination address could be populated by extracting information from the „subject? of the event and using Google Maps functionalities. For example, if the user types in „Trip to Wal-Mart? as the subject, then the final destination address could be filled automatically by the closest Wal-Mart store located near him. Project Experience: Working on the project was a learning process with a lot of interesting discoveries. The Android platform being comparatively new was a challenge to work on, since very less documentation was available as well as little support was available through the online communities. During the initial phase of the project, all the various APIs that were supported were studied to determine their use and feasibility towards the project. During this initial feasibility study, we realized that certain API support have been removed from the latest version of Android. This included the crucial one of Google Maps, which our project was dependent on. Thus, began another study to determine the use of actual Google Map APIs through the Android code. Also the basic idea of the project made us realize that how convenient car pooling can be made with this application. The project exposed us to the latest technology in the area of mobile platform development. In class the various issues in mobile computing were covered. Also there was an extensive explanation of mobile computing in general. This discussion helped us a lot in the project. We realized that issues such as less power on the device, etc. can be a problem if there are huge amounts of computations to be done. Thus, we made a point to keep the client as this as possible and with this aim in mind, we also aim to develop a web service in the future that would completely take care of all the computation and make the clients really „thin?. Location based services were extensively covered in the class. This motivated us to incorporate them into our project. We have extensively used locations in our project, in fact we have the plotted the Google Map by making use of them. Due to such background developed in class, we thought of experimenting on the Android platform. It gave us a boost to explore the yet not totally discovered areas in Android API usage. 15 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 Initially we wanted to test the project by executing instances of the Android emulator on different machines. These emulators would then communicate between each-other through means of messages. But, we were not able to demonstrate in this fashion due to certain technological challenges. In the end, we demonstrated the application by executing different instances of the Android emulator on the same machine. We further aim to test the performance of our application by adding a number of recipients and measuring the time taken for the Google Map to build. This would help us in determining whether the time remains for large number of recipients, finding the bottle-necks if any and moving towards a cut-off for the number of recipients for which the application shows normal execution time. Conclusion: Thus, this project successfully demonstrated a mobile based „Car Pooling? application. This application would help in the process of creation of „instant car pool? events. Thus, we successfully reduced the long conversations needed for normal car pool events. In future, more functionality can be added to make this application more robust and more feature rich. With the advent of smart phones, this application, when developed to its fullest, would be able for all to use and make their journeys much more enjoyable and comfortable. 16 CS 8803 AIAD TERM PROJECT REPORT TEAM#2 References: 1. Android API documentation. (n. d. ). Retrieved from Android Developers: http://developer. ndroid. com/reference/packages. html 2. Android Development Community Forum (n. d). Retrieved April 2009 from http://www. anddev. org/index. php 3. Google Maps API documentation. (n. d. ). Retrieved from Google maps: http://code. google. com/apis/maps/documentation/ 4. Strickland, J. (n. d. ). How the Google Phone Works. Retrieved April 2009, from How Stuff Works: http://electronics. howstuffw orks. com/google-phone5. htm 5. What is Android. (n. d. ). Retrieved April 2009, from developer. android. com: http://developer. android. com/guide/basics/what-is-android. html 17 How to cite Instant Car-Pooling on the Android Platform, Papers

Lord Beaverbrook A Canadian Hero Essays - , Term Papers

Lord Beaverbrook: A Canadian Hero Lord Beaverbrook: A Canadian Hero By Condredge Dole 202001 Prof. Smith History 203-01 November 18, 1998 Lord Beaverbrook was a great contributor to the Nationhood of Canada and to the freedom of the world. Though many only know him for the school named after him, he did much for Canada and the British Commonwealth. The role he played in both world wars changed the course of history. As Canada's 'Eye Witness' and Britain's Minister of Information in the First World War and their Minister of Aircraft Production and Supply in the Second World War, Beaverbrook was instrumental in the war efforts and the preservation of freedom. As a man of personal success he was also able to help bring success to Canada early this century through his business investments and his political involvement. His education, firm religious foundation and his drive for success during his early life put him in the position to affect positive changes and influences on the British Empire. William Aitken, a Presbyterian minister, immigrated to Canada from Scotland and had his third son, Max Aitken, in Maple, Ontario on May 25, 1879. Shortly after the family moved to Newcastle, New Brunswick where the boy grew up in the local parish manse with his eight brothers and sisters. Though academics were never his strength, the boy loved to read old books from his father's library. His favourites were 'English Seamen in the Sixteenth Century' by J.A. Froude and R.L. Stevenson's many books. He claims to have even skipped school to read them in his hayloft! The boy's education thus was largely based on the tales of the high seas and adventure. Some would say that that era would have suited him best. He would have been a Magellan or a Drake had he been born in the sixteenth century. But instead Max turned his energy and passion to the cut throat world of business where he conquered a many 'Spanish Armadas'. Even at the early age of eight, the boy began his entrepreneurial exploits . He began in the egg business selling eggs from his own chickens to his neighbours. On one occasion Max received an order for extra eggs and so he 'borrowed' some from his mother's pantry. The following day his customer asked, Were those eggs fresh? Why, weren't they?, Aitken replied. His customer then said, Well, they were the first fresh-laid eggs I have ever seen arrive hard boiled! Ah, said Max, I was frightened the thunderstorm we had yesterday would affect the hens! The mischievous side of Max never left him. Those who knew him often mentioned his child-like mischief and his 'impish smile'. In fact 'impish' seems to be the word most authors use to describe the man. His smile was very characteristic, it stretched across his face and was very contagious. Many enjoyed his company and could not help but laugh with the man and his childish nature. Wood once wrote of him in the Picture Post, 'He will never grow old: the reason is that he has never grown up!' It was not immaturity t hat attracted others, but his charm. In fact his friends were often much older and greatly respected by the public, these included Bonar Law, Rudyard Kipling and Winston Churchill. John Buchan also wrote about him saying, Beaverbrook is not a bad man: he is only a bad boy. William Aitken spent his savings on the education of his oldest son, leaving his other children to fend for themselves. Thus Max, at the age of sixteen, began to seek his fortune. He began at a job with the local druggist but soon dreamed of being a lawyer. He worked for awhile as a clerk for a lawyer but became impatient with that knowing that he would never become a lawyer that way. He entered a secondary institution to study law and rediscovered that his aptitude for academics was still rather limited. He followed his entrepreneurial background and got involved in business. After only five years he had become a millionaire from nothing. He derived most of his fortune from the cement industry here in Canada. He was also involved in rail roads and electricity, but especially journalism. Lord Beaverbrook, as he was